Chicago’s burgeoning, diverse Asian-American community faces challenges
Devon Avenue on Chicago’s North Side is vastly different from the coastal city in India that Sam Varghese left two years ago. Yet, in this growing population of old and new Asian-American immigrants, he has found his life’s work registering them to vote.
Though Varghese, who came to the United States on a family visa, has not been here long enough to obtain his own voter’s card, he can draw from an ample pool. In the past decade, the Chicago area has seen an explosion of new residents from India, the Philippines, China and other Asian countries, part of a national surge that pushed Asian-Americans ahead of Latinos as the fastest-growing immigrant group in country, according to the 2010 census.
The Asian-American population in the six-county metro area grew 39 percent from 2000 to 2010, creating a burgeoning community of more than 580,000 that increasingly has migrated away from its hub on Devon to the suburbs. But along with the rapid growth has come a barrage of social and economic issues that set the Midwest apart from other regions with higher concentrations of Asian-Americans.
Contrary to their stereotype as “model minorities,” many Asian-Americans in the Chicago area — home to 87 percent of Asian-Americans in Illinois — live in poverty and lack education, problems that are exacerbated by inadequate language and job skills, according to a study released Thursday at a national conference of Asian-American organizations meeting in Chicago.
In such a diverse community of more than 25 ethnic groups, needs and interests differ considerably, making it difficult for community organizers such as Varghese to get people to coalesce around a common cause. As a result, the community, while swelling in numbers, is splintered and has struggled to build the political muscle needed to demand attention.
“I tell people it’s their right, privilege and responsibility,” said Varghese, a 34-year-old community organizer for the Asian American Institute, an advocacy group in Chicago. “People don’t think their vote matters, but (voting) is an important way to get our voices heard.”
The report, compiled by the Asian American Institute and the Washington-based Asian American Justice Center, is the first of its kind to analyze 2010 census data to determine the economic and social status of Asian-Americans in the Midwest. It is the focal point of the two-day civil rights and social justice conference that brought together hundreds of professionals, community activists and others to discuss issues affecting Asian-Americans and Pacific Islanders.
The study paints a dismal picture in the aftermath of the recession. In contrast to more established communities in California and New York, where Asian-Americans are more likely to be among the highest-income and best-educated immigrants, Chicago’s Asian-American community saw a 40 percent increase in the number living in poverty — a growth rate higher than all other racial groups, according to researchers.
One in 3 Asian-Americans have difficulty speaking English, and adults 25 and older are less likely than whites to have a high school diploma. Asian-Americans also suffered because of the stagnant job market. From 2007 to 2010, their number of unemployed in Illinois grew by 200 percent, the study found.
“A lot of people, when they think of Asian-Americans — if they think of them at all — think of the model-minority myth. It’s the idea that Asian-Americans, as a recent minority group, are well-educated and therefore doing fine in terms of finances,” said Marita Etcubanez, program director for the Asian American Justice Center. “But if you disaggregate the data, you see that while some segments are doing well, there are some that are definitely struggling and need help.”
The Chicago area has become increasingly attractive to immigrants because of its diverse businesses and large corporations that have a global outlook. But it also has become a relocation area, drawing immigrants from other parts of the country looking for opportunities. Although the largest concentration of Asian-Americans are in Cook, DuPage and Lake counties, Kane, McHenry and Will counties saw their numbers more than double.
Advocates have long pushed for political and legislative changes that would give Asian-Americans a stronger voice in choosing legislators and other elected officials. Asian-Americans also have a huge stake in issues such as affirmative action and immigration policy, said Tuyet Le, executive director of the Asian American Institute.
That makes voter outreach efforts crucial, particularly during the presidential election year, she said, adding that voter registration among Asian-Americans in Illinois increased 53 percent from 2000 to 2008.
“There is a large number of Asian-Americans who are undocumented. Sometimes we’re not as vocal, and we’re hoping someone else will fight that fight,” said Le. “But we have to realize that it’s important to stand up and voice our concerns because when policies come down, (policymakers) may write things in a particular way that doesn’t benefit us.”
Redistricting has been a particularly difficult issue in the community, Le said, because of population patterns. But last year, Chicago’s first Asian-American alderman, Ameya Pawar, an Indian, was elected, in the 47th Ward.
“The redistricting process is difficult in terms of the way our communities are dispersed, which impacts the fact that there aren’t districts that have large numbers of Asian-Americans,” Le said. “But there is potential and things are beginning to happen now. Ald. Pawar won in an area that did not have a large number of Asian-Americans.”
This year, Illinois was the first state to be required by the U.S. Justice Department to offer ballots printed in Hindi because of its population surge of South Asians. Poll workers who speak Hindi, Gujarati and Urdu also must be on hand in some polling places. Indian-Americans represent the largest ethnic group among Asian-Americans in the Chicago area, with a population of more than 180,000.
“One thing that’s unique about Illinois is that South Asians are so prominent and comprise a large part of the Asian-American population. That’s not true in all parts of the country,” said Ami Gandi, executive director of the South Asian American Policy and Research Institute in Chicago. “That’s why it’s so important to have South Asians at the table when issues concerning Asian-Americans are being discussed.”
Asian-Americans have suffered from home foreclosures as well as social issues such as domestic violence, substance abuse and crime among young people, according to Kiran Siddiqui, executive director of the Hamdard Center, a social services agency in the Devon Avenue area.
Over the past two years, the agency has seen a 25 percent increase in families applying for public benefits such as food stamps and cash grants, she said. Many are moving into joint-family living arrangements because they can’t afford to live on their own.
“Things are very bad for them if they come and ask for help, especially from the government. … Asking for a hand is a dishonor to them and their families,” Siddiqui said. “But unfortunately they are faced with not being able to pay rent or buy groceries.”
Five years ago, Asian-Americans owned more than 59,000 businesses throughout Illinois, employing more than 100,000 people, the study found. But during the recession, many businesses, such as Korean-owned dry cleaners and beauty supply stores, shut down.
“About 40 percent of our clients that have small businesses have maintained them, but the other 60 percent have not been able to maintain it, and closed shop,” Siddiqui said. “They’re not trying to stay one step head. They’re actually just trying to keep their head afloat.”
In many ways, 63-year-old Carmelita Dagmante considers herself lucky since arriving in Chicago from the Philippines 12 years ago. A manager at a laundry on West Devon Avenue, she works a 14-hour shift six days a week, earning money to send back home to her family.
With three grandchildren in school in the Philippines, including one in college, Dagmante said she sends about half her paycheck home to cover their tuition and other expenses. She keeps enough to cover her rent, utilities and groceries but little else.
“That is my life here,” she said, tears trickling down her face. “I’m happy doing it. I’m working for them.”
Varghese, the outreach worker from India, also has dreams. In Kerala, India, he said, he earned three master’s degrees, in sociology, anthropology and religious studies. His long-term goal, he said, is to work hard at his contract job as an outreach worker and gain more responsibility.
“This is our country,” Varghese said, armed with voter registration forms and informational fliers that he hands out along Devon. “We’re not aliens. We need to participate in this process so our government pays attention to us.”
Interesting article about the population of Asian Americans in Chicago. Mostly focuses on South Asians.
(via fascinasians)
Source: chicagotribune.com

![fortune-n-glory:
I’ve vocalized on here the problems that I’ve had with the upcoming drama Won’t Back Down since I first saw the trailer a few months back. In my view, the trailer oozed with the misguided (or hell, flat out wrong) “blame the teachers” ideology behind many theories of how to reform public education in America.
Obviously, there are major problems with public education. There are significant problems with our unions. Teachers, above all, know about this firsthand. Many of us are fighting diligently for the needed changes, while fighting against a political system which serves only to put up walls which serve stifle any progress we make. We also are well aware what the problems are not and what reforms will be detrimental to our students. Education is, after all, what we devote our lives to - and while there are the often portrayed images of teachers as quasi-professionals who only half-know what they are talking about, that image is complete crap. The majority of us are not just great, but spectacular at what we do and we know the ins-and-outs of the public education system. In fact, most of us are experts.
But I digress. The point being: from the moment that I first finished watching the cringe-worthy trailer for Won’t Back Down, I had a hunch that this movie goal was to encourage that inaccurate image of most American educators being buffoons hellbent on figuring out the easiest way to slide through their days while bleeding the system for as high of salaries as possible. Of course, there’d be that small handful of teachers with truly altruistic intentions, but no… not the majority.
I also felt that the movie was about to portray the complex problems with public education in a much too simplistic light, as if the solution to the problems were right at our fingertips, that the answer was easy, if only someone took action.
That’s obviously not the reality.
I haven’t seen the movie though, so I can’t criticize the film firsthand. I’ve only seen the trailer. Yet, it sounds like my preconceptions may have been right on. If you’d like the opinions of people who have seen the film, well… here you go.
From Andrew O’Hehir at Salon:
So teachers’ unions don’t care about kids. Oh, and luck is a foxy lady. This is what I took away from the inept and bizarre “Won’t Back Down,” a set of right-wing anti-union talking points disguised (with very limited success) as a mainstream motion-picture-type product. …
[T]he big picture is that the movie is unbelievable crap and the whole project was financed by conservative Christian billionaire Phil Anschutz, also the moneybags behind the documentary “Waiting for Superman,” which handled a similar agenda in subtler fashion. Even though I personally find the politics of “Won’t Back Down” noxious - and the film seems half-seriously meant to launch some sort of activism, on behalf of whom or what I don’t know - that’s only a small part of the problem. …
There’s so much human drama in and around the charter-school movement that it should be easy to tell a powerful story, from almost any perspective you like. Nothing’s off limits in a dramatic context, of course, and given the enormous crap-storm that is American public education, there’s more than enough blame to go around. …
[A]ll we get here is the most blithe and moronic kind of “let’s put on a show” magical thinking, in which ripping up the union contract and wresting control of the school from the bureaucrats becomes an end in itself, and what happens later is shrouded in the mists of an imaginary libertarian paradise. There are attempts at Fox News-style balance here and there, as when someone observes that most charter schools fail to improve outcomes and when a bombastic union exec played by Ned Eisenberg delivers a monologue about the current assault on labor (right before announcing that he couldn’t care less about children). …
As presented in this script (written by Barnz and Brin Hill), the Pittsburgh teachers’ union has no goal beyond protecting the status quo at all costs, and no interest whatever – no altruistic interest, no self-interest and no public-relations interest — in improving the quality of public education. Most people still understand, I believe, that teachers work extremely hard for little pay and low social status in a thankless, no-win situation. But this is one of those areas where conservatives have been extremely successful in dividing the working class, which is precisely the agenda in “Won’t Back Down.” Breeding hostility to unions in themselves, and occasionally insinuating that unionized teachers are a protected caste of incompetents who get three damn months off every single year, has been an effective tactic in what we might call postmodern Republican populism, especially in recent battles over public employee contracts in Wisconsin and elsewhere. It works something like this: 1) Turn the resentment and frustration of people like Jamie – people with crappy service-sector jobs and few benefits, whose kids are stuck in failing schools – against the declining group of public employees who still have a decent deal. 2) Strip away job security and collective bargaining; hand out beer and ukuleles instead. 3) La la la la, tax cuts, tax cuts, I can’t hear you!
Here’s another review from Ella Taylor at NPR:
Joining forces with Nona (the great Viola Davis), a disheartened educator at Malia’s failing public school who also has a learning-disabled son (Dante Brown), Jamie handpicks a few burned-out but salvageable teachers. Going door to door, Jamie and Nona recruit an army of madder-than-hell parents to take on a bound-and-gagged principal, the board of education and the dreaded union, the better to take over the school and do things right.
All cynicism aside, the movie taps a rich vein of accumulated public frustration at the continued failure of government to provide decent access to public schools for all American children. Aside from religion itself, no subject lends itself more to arm-waving entrenched positions than education. And perhaps a movie aimed at a mainstream audience can’t help but distill the discussion into culture-war sound bites.
For all its strenuous feints at fair play, though, Won’t Back Down is something less honorable — a propaganda piece with blame on its mind. Directed with reasonable competence by Daniel Barnz from a speechifying screenplay he co-wrote with Brin Hill, the movie is funded by Walden Media, a company owned by conservative mogul Philip Anschutz, who advocates creationist curricula in schools. Walden also co-produced the controversial pro-charter school documentary Waiting for Superman, so the outfit is not without axes to grind.
That movie’s love affair with the charter movement seems to have cooled somewhat in Won’t Back Down, which features a lottery scene complete with nail-biting parents vying for a handful of vacancies at the excellent Rosa Parks Charter School. The fact that many charter schools have failed to produce better-educated kids, however, is not where this strenuously populist scenario is headed. Nor is the movie interested in the vexed question of what makes a good teacher …
In fact, it’s nuance and reason that fall by the wayside amid the sloganeering rhetoric of Won’t Back Down. Like most large institutions with interests to protect, the unions could use some reforms, especially when it comes to shielding bad teachers from scrutiny and discipline. But if you were to wave a magic wand that replaced unions and bureaucrats with a rainbow coalition of local parents and educators coming together to create the kind of school they want, the result would be chaos, not to mention an end to the tattered remains of our common culture.
I like the actresses involved. As for them, I can only believe that their intentions weren’t devious. But they’re not educators. And, if the reviews are accurate, this movie has it wrong. I won’t be seeing it when it comes out in theaters, because I don’t want to spend my money to support something with such a message.
I would eventually like to see it though and see for myself what we, as perpetually criticized educators, continue to be up against. Maybe with a free Redbox rental or when I can stream it on Netflix.
Other reviews worth reading: 1, 2, 3
I saw this movie a few weeks ago at a screening- there are a lot of issues I had with it. Going to try to type out a review I had of it before it comes out on Friday.](http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_mazle6H2ut1qa9jp3o1_1280.jpg)

